Which medication class includes drugs that can lead to dependency if misused?

Benzodiazepines are a class of medications that are commonly prescribed for anxiety disorders, insomnia, muscle relaxation, and seizure disorders. They work by enhancing the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABA-A receptor, leading to sedative and anxiolytic effects.

Due to their mechanism of action, benzodiazepines can cause physical and psychological dependency, especially when used for an extended period or at high doses. Patients may develop tolerance, requiring increasing doses to achieve the same therapeutic effect, which can lead to a cycle of misuse. The risk of dependency increases if the medication is used outside prescribed guidelines or for recreational purposes, making patient education about proper use and the potential risks crucial.

In contrast, atypical antipsychotics are primarily used for managing psychotic disorders and generally do not cause dependency in the same way that benzodiazepines do. Statins are used to lower cholesterol levels and are not associated with dependency. Antihistamines are used for allergic reactions and do not typically lead to dependency either.