What side effect is commonly associated with NSAIDs?

Gastrointestinal irritation is a well-recognized side effect associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). These medications work by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins, which play a key role in promoting inflammation, pain, and fever. However, prostaglandins also have protective functions in the gastrointestinal tract, such as maintaining the mucosal lining and regulating stomach acid secretion.

When NSAIDs reduce the levels of these protective prostaglandins, it can lead to an array of gastrointestinal issues, including irritation, ulcers, and even bleeding. The risk of these complications is heightened with long-term use, higher doses, and in individuals with pre-existing gastrointestinal conditions. Therefore, understanding this side effect is crucial for ensuring patient safety when prescribing or recommending NSAIDs for pain relief or anti-inflammatory purposes.