What should the nurse monitor for in a patient receiving acyclovir?

Acyclovir, an antiviral medication commonly used to treat infections caused by certain viruses, can have renal implications due to its potential to cause nephrotoxicity. When the drug is metabolized, especially in the case of high doses or inadequate hydration, it can lead to the formation of precipitates in the renal tubules. This can consequently cause kidney impairment, resulting in elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels, or even acute kidney injury.

Monitoring for signs of kidney impairment includes assessing kidney function tests, fluid balance, and watching for symptoms such as decreased urine output or changes in edematous patterns. Therapeutic management often includes ensuring proper hydration to minimize the risk of nephrotoxicity while administering acyclovir.

While increased liver enzyme levels, changes in skin pigmentation, and neurological symptoms may occur in other contexts or from different medications, they are not primary concerns with acyclovir treatment. Therefore, vigilance for kidney function is critical in the care of a patient receiving acyclovir, emphasizing the importance of renal monitoring in therapy with this medication.