What should a nurse monitor for in a patient taking acetazolamide?

When a patient is taking acetazolamide, it is important for the nurse to monitor for electrolyte imbalances. Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that primarily affects bicarbonate reabsorption in the renal tubules. This can lead to metabolic acidosis and the potential for various electrolyte disturbances, particularly hypokalemia (low potassium levels) and hyponatremia (low sodium levels). The medication stimulates urine production and may lead to increased output of electrolytes, which must be closely monitored to maintain the patient's overall electrolyte balance and prevent complications.

Monitoring for fluid retention is less critical with acetazolamide since it is often used as a diuretic and typically promotes fluid loss. Assessing blood glucose levels is not a primary concern for patients on acetazolamide, as this medication does not directly influence glucose metabolism. Vision changes can occur in some cases, especially with other medications affecting the eyes, but they are not a common or significant issue specifically related to acetazolamide. Thus, monitoring electrolyte levels is the most relevant aspect of care for a patient on this medication.