What process occurs during drug metabolism?

The process that occurs during drug metabolism involves the chemical alteration of drugs to facilitate their elimination from the body. This metabolism typically occurs primarily in the liver through enzymatic reactions, where drugs are modified to more water-soluble forms that can be easily excreted by the kidneys. The metabolic conversion can either activate prodrugs into their active forms or inactivate active drugs, which is crucial for reducing their pharmacological effects and preventing accumulation in the body.

Understanding metabolism is key, as it influences the duration and intensity of a drug's action. Various factors, including genetics, age, diet, and interactions with other substances, can affect the rate of drug metabolism, impacting overall drug efficacy and safety.