What is the primary use of metformin?

Metformin is primarily used to manage type 2 diabetes by improving insulin sensitivity. It works by decreasing glucose production in the liver, increasing insulin sensitivity in muscle and fat tissues, and enhancing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization. This helps lower blood sugar levels and can also aid in weight management, which is beneficial for individuals with type 2 diabetes who often struggle with obesity.

In contrast to other options, metformin is not effective for type 1 diabetes because patients with this type do not produce insulin and require exogenous insulin administration. It is also not prescribed for lowering blood pressure or treating heart failure, as these conditions require different classes of medications tailored to their specific pathophysiological mechanisms. By focusing on its role in enhancing insulin sensitivity and glucose regulation, metformin has become a cornerstone in the management of type 2 diabetes.