What is the expected outcome when administering mannitol to a patient?

The expected outcome when administering mannitol is improved urine output. Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that works by increasing the osmolarity of the blood and renal tubules, which draws water into the renal tubules, resulting in increased urine production. This is particularly beneficial in conditions where the reduction of intracranial pressure or the prevention of renal failure is necessary, such as in cases of brain edema or acute kidney injury.

Mannitol's mechanism of action leads to a diuretic effect, which enhances the elimination of excess fluid from the body, thereby improving urine output. This is a primary therapeutic goal when using mannitol, especially in critical care settings.

The other options do not accurately reflect the primary effects of mannitol. While it could lead to changes in blood pressure or heart rate depending on the patient’s overall condition and fluid status, these are not desired or direct outcomes of mannitol administration. Enhanced sedation is unrelated to the pharmacological action of mannitol and does not pertain to its use or expected outcomes.