What is a notable adverse effect of long-term prednisone use?

Long-term use of prednisone, a corticosteroid, is particularly associated with osteoporosis as a notable adverse effect. Prednisone can interfere with the body’s ability to absorb calcium and can inhibit the formation of new bone cells. This leads to decreased bone mineral density and an increased risk of fractures. The risk is especially pronounced in patients who are on prolonged therapy, as prednisone alters the balance of bone metabolism, promoting bone resorption while inhibiting bone formation.

While hyperglycemia is also a concern with corticosteroids and can occur due to their effect on glucose metabolism, osteoporosis is more characteristic of long-term use. On the other hand, weight loss and muscle gain are generally not associated with prolonged prednisone therapy; instead, many patients experience weight gain due to increased appetite and changes in metabolism. Therefore, the impact of prednisone on bone health is a significant and well-documented concern, making osteoporosis a key adverse effect of long-term therapy.